Intall Git
After logging into your box, let’s install Git (if not already installed):
Intall python-setuptools
Also install the python-setuptools because we’ll need them (gitosis is written in python):
Download Gitosis
We need to clone the gitosis source locally to install it:
Create Git User:
You need to initially use your public ssh key (id_rsa.pub). If you have one, it will be at $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub and if you have never generated one, you can do so by running the following command (accept the default location and you don’t need to enter a passphrase when prompted):
Sidenote: SSH Port
If you have your sshd daemon running on a different port other than 22 (which is the default, but I highly suggest changing), then you need to use scp like this:
Initialize gitosis-admin repository
On the server, issue the following command to set your public ssh key as the first authorized key of a new gitosis-admin repository:
You have to set the permissions on the post-update git hook of the gitosis-admin repository so that gitosis-admin can add new repository structures when they are added/removed to/from the gitosis.conf file.
Clone gitosis-admin repository
Now we’re going to use Git to administrate this gitosis instance. I think that is pretty ingenius. Let’s clone the gitosis-admin repository locally:
Two most common errors
#1> it is because you have used a port for SSH other than port 22 (the default). To fix this, you need to edit your .ssh/config file and add: "HOST YOUR_SERVER_HOSTNAME" / "PORT YOUR_PORT"
Of course, you need to put in your server hostname and port number (i.e., mydomain.com and 12345)
#2> This has usually hit me because I locked down my /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to only allow in certain users or groups. I have to change the AllowUsers line in my file from: "Allowusers dixitgitscm" to "Allowusers dixitgitscm git" and then restart the ssh daemon:
The local gitosis-admin repository
You now have a local clone of the gitosis-admin repository. The contents are only a conf file and key directory:
~/gitosis-admin(master)>ls
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 user staff 1148 May 22 21:31 gitosis/conf
drwxr-xr-x 3 user staff 1148 May 22 21:31 keydir
I like knowing which Git branch I’m currently in. I use the git-ps1 function feature that comes with git-core. If you clone or download the git source: "$ git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git" There is a file in the contrib/completion folder called git-completion.bash:
~/code/git/contrib/completion<span class="o">(</span>master<span class="o">)</span> > ls
total 96
-rwxr-xr-x 1 user staff 44K Apr 14 15:26 git-completion.bash
I copy this file to my $HOME folder as .git-completion.bash and then reference it and the ps1 propt feature in my .bashrc file
<span class="nb">source</span> ~/.git-completion.bash
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">PS1</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'w$(__git_ps1 "(%s)") > '</span>
And now whenever I cd into a folder that is a Git repository I see something like the following prompt:
~/gitosis-admin<span class="o">(</span>master<span class="o">)</span> >
Notice the (master) notation. That is telling me I’m on the master branch. It’s just easier than issuing a “git branch” command everytime I want to know.
After logging into your box, let’s install Git (if not already installed):
"$ sudo apt-get install git-core"
Press enter or type ‘Y’ and press enter and git will be installed. Type the following to confirm:"$ git --version"
and you’ll see something like: git version 1.6.3.3Intall python-setuptools
Also install the python-setuptools because we’ll need them (gitosis is written in python):
"$apt-get install python-setuptools"
Download Gitosis
We need to clone the gitosis source locally to install it:
"$ mkdir src && cd src"
"~/src $ git clone git://eagain.net/gitosis.git"
Install Gitosis Now let’s install it:"~src $ cd gitosis"
"~/src/gitosis $ python setup.py install"
"result": http://gist.github.com/352769
Gist. Gitosis is now installed. Next steps are to create git user and handle a file permission on a git hook.Create Git User:
"$ sudo adduser --system --shell /bin/bash --gecos --group --disabled-password --home /home/git git"
Use local, public ssh keyYou need to initially use your public ssh key (id_rsa.pub). If you have one, it will be at $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub and if you have never generated one, you can do so by running the following command (accept the default location and you don’t need to enter a passphrase when prompted):
"$ ssh-keygen -t rsa"
Now you need to upload it to the server/slice. I usually use the scp (secure copy command):"$ scp $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@192.168.1.1:/tmp/"
This will upload the local id_rsa.pub file to the /tmp/ folder on the server. Why there? So that the git user can use it. How is that possible? The folder has permissions of 777 (drwxrwxrwt) meaning everyone has read and write access to it.Sidenote: SSH Port
If you have your sshd daemon running on a different port other than 22 (which is the default, but I highly suggest changing), then you need to use scp like this:
"$ scp -P 1234 $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@192.168.1.1:/tmp/"
I believe the “-P” option must be capitalized.Initialize gitosis-admin repository
On the server, issue the following command to set your public ssh key as the first authorized key of a new gitosis-admin repository:
"$ sudo -H -u git gitosis-init < /tmp/id_rsa.pub"
Change Permissions on post-update hookYou have to set the permissions on the post-update git hook of the gitosis-admin repository so that gitosis-admin can add new repository structures when they are added/removed to/from the gitosis.conf file.
"$ sudo chmod 755 /home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update"
Note: First round of this post, I didn’t make this change. When I added a new project, it failed because this hook didn’t have the right permissions.Clone gitosis-admin repository
Now we’re going to use Git to administrate this gitosis instance. I think that is pretty ingenius. Let’s clone the gitosis-admin repository locally:
"$ git clone git@YOUR_SERVER_HOSTNAME:gitosis-admin.git"
We are now in the gitosis-admin repository folder locallyTwo most common errors
#1> it is because you have used a port for SSH other than port 22 (the default). To fix this, you need to edit your .ssh/config file and add: "HOST YOUR_SERVER_HOSTNAME" / "PORT YOUR_PORT"
Of course, you need to put in your server hostname and port number (i.e., mydomain.com and 12345)
#2> This has usually hit me because I locked down my /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to only allow in certain users or groups. I have to change the AllowUsers line in my file from: "Allowusers dixitgitscm" to "Allowusers dixitgitscm git" and then restart the ssh daemon:
"$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh restart"
Now the git user has access to reach my server/slice via ssh.The local gitosis-admin repository
You now have a local clone of the gitosis-admin repository. The contents are only a conf file and key directory:
~/gitosis-admin(master)>ls
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 user staff 1148 May 22 21:31 gitosis/conf
drwxr-xr-x 3 user staff 1148 May 22 21:31 keydir
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: before anyone asks, the (master) notation in my prompt is usage of the __git_ps1I like knowing which Git branch I’m currently in. I use the git-ps1 function feature that comes with git-core. If you clone or download the git source: "$ git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git" There is a file in the contrib/completion folder called git-completion.bash:
~/code/git/contrib/completion<span class="o">(</span>master<span class="o">)</span> > ls
total 96
-rwxr-xr-x 1 user staff 44K Apr 14 15:26 git-completion.bash
I copy this file to my $HOME folder as .git-completion.bash and then reference it and the ps1 propt feature in my .bashrc file
<span class="nb">source</span> ~/.git-completion.bash
<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">PS1</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'w$(__git_ps1 "(%s)") > '</span>
And now whenever I cd into a folder that is a Git repository I see something like the following prompt:
~/gitosis-admin<span class="o">(</span>master<span class="o">)</span> >
Notice the (master) notation. That is telling me I’m on the master branch. It’s just easier than issuing a “git branch” command everytime I want to know.
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